Abstract : Failure of the kidneys to eliminate waste materials and maintain an internal balance of water and salts in the body is referred to as renal failure. In this research, individuals with renal failure were studied from March to July 2021 at the Al-Hakim Hospital in Al-Najaf, Iraq. This study included 40 samples of patients (males) with kidney failure, aged (20-70) years old, and the different variables compared with the same variables in 40 healthy (non-affected) males. During this study, some hematological variables examined, which included the concentration of hemoglobin, and biochemical variables in the blood such as the concentration of albumin. Patients with renal failure at Al-Hakim Hospital in Saudi Arabia were studied to determine the most significant physiological changes associated with renal failure and to compare the findings with local and worldwide results. In patients with renal failure, the hemoglobin concentration was found to be significantly lower (P-value 0.05) than in healthy individuals. An albumin level drop of 0.05-0.0% was shown to be statistically significant. When it comes to kidney function, individuals with renal failure had significantly higher levels of urea, creatinine, and uric acid (05.0 P-value), as well as lower levels of calcium ions (05.0 P-value) in their blood than healthy people. Chronic renal illness has been shown to have a detrimental influence on the majority of physiological and biochemical variables examined in this research when compared to healthy individuals, according to the findings.