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Bulletin of National Institute of Health Sciences
Title : Cytotoxic and Cytostatic Activity of Resveratrol: An Updated Scoping Review
Abstract :Cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality among non-communicable diseases worldwide, underscoring the need for extensive searches for effective treatments and therapeutic agents. Resveratrol, a naturally occurring polyphenol, has been the subject of interest in many cancer studies for its anti-cancer potential and is continuously being studied to this date. This scoping review aimed to provide an updated synthesis of the cytotoxic and cytostatic activity of resveratrol, focusing on in vitro and in vivo studies published from 2019 to 2024. Using PRISMA-ScR guidelines, this review has identified the molecular mechanisms of resveratrol, including apoptosis induction, modulation of autophagy, and inhibition of proliferative pathways. The key findings of this study contribute to the supporting evidence of resveratrol’s anticancer potential, emphasizing the further need for clinical trials to validate its therapeutic effects.
Title : In Silico Homology Modeling and Binding Analysis of ESAT-6 in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Structural Insights and Interaction with MHC Class II HLA-DR Subunits
Abstract :Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health concern, particularly in developing countries, with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) as its main causative agent. The 6 kDa Early Secreted Antigenic Target (ESAT-6) protein serves a function in M. tb virulence by disrupting phagosomal membranes and evading immune detection. This study employs in silico techniques to analyze the physicochemical properties, structural characteristics, and binding interactions of ESAT-6 with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II HLA-DR subunits. Rendering the model was done using SWISS-MODEL integrated with model validity parameters (i.e. QMEAN, Ramachandran Plot Analysis and MolProbity) which exhibited results proving the rendered model was reliable though with a few discrepancies. ESAT-6 exhibited hydrophilic and hydrophobic sides and aliphatic molecules in its core that influenced its functional properties. Physicochemical properties and secondary structures were characterized using ProtParam, ProtScale, and NetSurfP 3.0. Moreover, it was found that the majority of the protein has >25% relative surface area (RSA) with its N-terminal and C-terminal regions being the most exposed. Using ClusPro and PRODIGY for molecular docking, HLA-DRB3 exhibited the highest affinity to ESAT-6 (ΔG = -11.4 kcal/mol; Kd = 9.4×10-9), suggesting a role in the host’s immune response. The apolar-apolar interfacial contacts (ICs) contributed to most of the binding energy with evidence of consistent binding motifs between ESAT-6 and the HLA-DRB3.
Title : Study on deep removal of F- from water by lanthanum-based bio-hybrid materials
Abstract :Study on deep removal of F- from water by lanthanum-based bio-hybrid materialsStudy on deep removal of F- from water by lanthanum-based bio-hybrid materialsStudy on deep removal of F- from water by lanthanum-based bio-hybrid materialsStudy on deep removal of F- from water by lanthanum-based bio-hybrid materialsStudy on deep removal of F- from water by lanthanum-based bio-hybrid materialsStudy on deep removal of F- from water by lanthanum-based bio-hybrid materialsStudy on deep removal of F- from water by lanthanum-based bio-hybrid materialsStudy on deep removal of F- from water by lanthanum-based bio-hybrid materialsStudy on deep removal of F- from water by lanthanum-based bio-hybrid materialsStudy on deep removal of F- from water by lanthanum-based bio-hybrid materials
Title : Molecular detection and genotyping of Hepatitis B Virus on the island of Ngazidja, Comoros
Abstract :Africa bears a disproportionate share of the global hepatitis burden. The Comoros are classified among the countries with intermediate prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic circumstances and the genotypes of circulating HBV among HBV-infected patients on the island of Ngazidja, Comoros. Genotyping was performed using specific primers in multiplex PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) targeting the S region. 60 patients with chronic hepatitis B were included in the study, comprising forty chronic patients and thirty randomly selected samples from in the medical biology laboratory of Elmaarouf National Hospital Center (CHN) in Moroni. The average age of the patients in this study was 34.4 years. The circumstances of HBV diagnosis were primarily related to transmission prevention, notably through blood donations and prenatal screening. Genotype distribution revealed a predominance of genotype D (100%) patients and 1 patient presented with a co-infection of genotypes D and E. This study underscores the importance of monitoring medical practices that risk HBV transmission and shows that genotype D predominates among patients on the island of Ngazidja. Further research is needed to enhance prevention and treatment strategies.
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