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Bulletin of National Institute of Health Sciences
Title : Relation of body weight & Ovarian Cysts Formation in Patients with Breast Cancer On Tamoxifen Therapy in Iraqi Female
Abstract :Obesity may not be the only factor that causes hyperandogenemia and anovulation because some obese women are fertile and do not have hyperandrogenism. The aim of study is to find out whether there is any link between tamoxifen therapy with ovarian cyst complaining with body weight & associated symptoms. A prospective clinical study diagnosis of breast cancer, and complete surgical intervention and cytotoxic therapy a pelvic ultrasound examination were performed in all these study cases, after tamoxifen administration was started. Both ovarian conditions, Ovarian cysts were identified as sonolucencies in the ovary with a diameter of >20 mm in the postmenopausal and >25 mm in the premenopausal patient group. Endometrial thickness, uterus was scanned in the longitudinal plane. The double-layer endometrial thickness was measured at the widest point between the endometrial-myometrial interfaces in the sagittal plane, ovarian appearance size, and condition were measured. RT ovarian cystic and increase body weight during tamoxifen therapy, while LT ovarian cystic formation had a relation with increase body weight during tamoxifen therapy. there is relation between ovarian cysts in both ovaries and abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding & vaginal secretion, with the relation between the incidence of RT ovarian cysts & relation with associated symptoms, while the relation between the incidence of LT ovarian cyst & associated symptoms. Ovarian cysts are common complications of tamoxifen treatment. Ovarian cysts can develop in both premenopausal and postmenopausal patients receiving tamoxifen for breast cancer so should be under close ultra-sonographic surveillance.
Title : Investigation of Serum N-terminal pro B Type Natriuretic Peptide as Early Predictors Marker of Severity in Iraqi Patients with COVD-19
Abstract :In patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), cardiac biomarkers have been linked to disease severity and mortality. Among COVID-19 patients in the hospital, heart damage is a common complication. We didn't know, however, whether or not NT-proBNP might predict the fate of patients with severe COVID-19. We aimed to evaluate the impact on severity of an early investigate of NT-proBNP as cardiac biomarkers in Iraqi patients with COVID-19. In a case-control study, 90 “COVID-19” patients and 90 healthy volunteers were compared. COVID-19 patients were categorized into mild/moderate, severe, and no survived patients categories based on the severity of their illness. Blood samples were taken from the sick and healthy groups, and all demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to evaluate BNP, and IL-6 levels. Spectrophotometers were used to determine the lipid profile and renal tests. The levels of (BNP) were significantly higher among groups of patients However, the level of (BNP) was significantly higher in non-survive and severe, mild cases of COVID-19 groups compared with healthy group. Serum (BNP) levels were significantly high in non-survive (125.44 ± 21.27) compared sever Patients (113.59 ± 33.11) compared with mild/moderate case of patients group (59.11 ± 19.42) and healthy (26.6 ± 9.32) (P <0.001). Indicating it to be an independent predictor in the coronavirus disease. Serum (BNP) levels were correlated a significant positively with Age, D-dimer, ferritin,,TG, LDL-C, and IL-6 levels. While, a significant negative correlated with TC, and Lymph.%. Serum (BNP) concentration were increased in sever and critical patients with COVID-19 compared with mild/moderate case. NT-proBNP might be an independent risk factor for in hospital death in patients with severe COVID-19.
Title : Increased Sox2 immunostaining in prostate cancer and associated with Gleason score and stage
Abstract :Prostate cancer prognostic biomarkers are few. However, clinical problems have been reported in discriminating between aggressive and non-aggressive cancers. The goal of this study is to find a more sensitive and specific PCa biomarker that can offer significant information for disease diagnosis and therapy is critical. Sox2 is a transcription factor that belongs to the SOX family and It’s thought to be a potential biomarker for predicting the clinical progression and prognosis of some cancer types. However, its role in prostate cancer is uncertain. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine nuclear and cytoplasmic Sox2 staining in benign (40) and malignant (76) prostate samples. Nuclear and cytoplasmic Sox2 immunostaining was increased significantly in prostate cancer compared to benign prostate tissues. Nuclear Sox2 staining was significantly associated with poorly differentiated Gleason scores and advanced stages. Cytoplasmic Sox2 was only associated with tumor size. This finding suggests that Sox2 may promote cancer progression or aggressiveness. An additional study is also needed to better understand its function and establish whether it might be used as a prostate cancer biomarker.
Title : Comparison Cytotoxicity effects of metformin and paclitaxel on cervical cells and normal cell
Abstract :Cervical cancer, which is generally caused by the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infec-tion is the first prevalent gynecological cancer worldwide. Paclitaxel, a new anticancer agent has a wide spectrum of antineoplastic activity the first microtubule-stabilizing agent. It has in vitro cytotoxicity against human ovary, breast, cervical, pancreas, prostate, head, and neck, colon, gastric, bladder, lung, and CNS cancers, melanoma, and leukemia cell lines, often at concentrations lower than those achieved in the serum of patients. Metformin has been widely utilized as an anti-diabetic drug due to its excellent therapeutic effect on sugar levels and very minor adverse effects .Material and Meth-ods: Metformin used in present study , Human cervical cancer cell lines, Cytotoxicity assays and Determination maximum inhibitory concentration Results: current results showed that a comparison of the Influence of metformin with the similar dose of paclitaxel showed the non-significant difference between the two drug and the cytotoxic effects of paclitaxel rather than metformin on normal breast cells after 72 hours when ap-plied to HBL100 and suggestion a therapeutic antitumor impact of metformin that is less harmful effect to normal tissues IC 50 on (HBL10048.910) in contract to IC50 of met-formin (Hela 7.447). Conclusion: The present study confirms on the therapeutic value of metformin in patients with cervical cancer.
Title : Health safety of use water for livestock and poultry watering: A case study of water for Al-danvali valley and Tigris river in Mosul city. north Iraq.
Abstract :The health safety of the waters of the Danvali Valley and the Tigris river in Mosul city for watering livestock and poultry were studied. Samples were collected from ten sites and at a rate of one sample per month from October 2020 to November 2021 to measure each of the physical, chemical and biological properties according to international standard methods with the application of the weighted sub-index (WQI) model for water quality assessment. The results indicated that the WQI values of the valley water increased to reach (937.9, 1198, 1146, 10386) during the winter, spring, autumn and summer seasons consecutively. Thus, the waters of the valley and the Tigris River are from the category of water unfit to very poor for watering livestock and poultry. The deterioration in quality is mainly attributed to the high organic load of the waters of the valley and the Tigris River, which amounted to (8-19.2) (2.7-12.2) ppm, as well as the number of faecal coliform bacteria ranged between (158-778) and (146-777) cells. 100 ml-1 consecutively. The study recommended not to use water for irrigation of livestock and poultry because of its negative impact on animal health and productivity.
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