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Bulletin of National Institute of Health Sciences
Title : Correlation between Hepcidin and FSH in β-Thalassemia Major in Baghdad City
Abstract :In spite of recent advances in iron overload, elevate iron deposition in pituitary gonadotropic cells keep on one of the main complications in thalassemic patients. Hypogonadism, mainly hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, is usually detected during puberty. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for normal pubertal development and to reduce the complications of hypogonadism. The risks and benefits of hormonal replacement therapy, especially regarding the thromboembolic event, remain a challenge for providers caring for thalassemic patients. To assessment correlation between hepcidin and FSH in β-thalassemia major. There were 138 participants in the research study,48 control persons and 90 β thalassemia major patients. Hepcidin and follicular simulating hormone (FSH) values were calculated in order to evaluate correlation between them and calculated levels were estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) kit. The levels of Hepcidin and FSH in the patients group and in the normal control found to differ significantly (0.039) and (p < 0.001) respectively. Significant moderateNegative correlation was seen between the level of hepcidin and FSH (p < 0.003). Significant moderate negative correlation between hepcidin and FSH in beta thalassemia major make hepcidin good early predictable marker for Hypogonadism. hypogonadism resulting from iron deposi-tion in the pituitary gonadotrope is commonly found in thalassemia major patients. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for normal pubertal development and to reduce the complications of hypogonadism.
Title : Perception of stroke warning signs and knowledge of potential risk factors among medical students in Tabuk University
Abstract :Stroke is a common morbid disease with high mortality, knowledge about risk factors, management, and presentations might decrease its deleterious consequences. The current study aimed to assess Perception of stroke warning signs and knowledge of potential risk factors among medical students in Tabuk University. This is a cross-sectional study conducted among 251 medical students in Tabuk, University during the period from July 2022 to September 2022. A self-administered questionnaire based on demographic data, perception of stroke, and stroke risk factors. Was used, the action to be taken for potential stroke, the medications, and gender differences were collected. Knowledge was poor regarding the definition of with no difference between females and males stroke (65.9% versus 62.1%), P-value, 0.078, 90.4% of women vs. 88.8% of men knew that hypertension is a risk factor for stroke with a not significant statistical difference, P-value, 0.683, males knowledge regarding smoking as a risk factor was higher than females (93.1% versus 80.7%, P-value, 0.003), while only 65.9% of women and 57.8% of men knew diabetes as a risk factor, P-value, 0.115. The knowledge regarding the warning signs and symptoms of stroke was sub-optimal with no statistically significant difference between females and males, P-values <0.05. The knowledge of stroke was sub-optimal among medical students at Tabuk University, Saudi Arabia, especially regarding the knowledge of diabetes and obesity as risk factors for ischemic stroke. Females' knowledge was lower regarding smoking and increasing age as risk factors. The knowledge was lower among junior students as expected. Including stroke early in the curriculum is recommended.
Title : The Underlying Mental Health Status of Women in the Indian Minority Population of Malaysia
Abstract :Mental health issues are a concern in all societies due to their debilitating effect on an individual’s quality of life and capacity to function in society. In 2015 the prevalence of mental health problems among Malaysian adults was 29.2%; this was an increase from 10.7% in 1996. The prevalence of mental health problems is affected by many factors, including belonging to a minority population. This study aimed to evaluate the demographic factors associated with the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among Indian-Malaysian women. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Indian majority localities within the Klang Valley area of Malaysia in 2018 and 2019. 611 women participated by completing a self-administered questionnaire which included indices for the measurement of depression, anxiety, stress (DASS-21). The prevalence of depression in the study population was 36.2%, anxiety was 76.8%, while stress was 18%. Pearson’s Chi-Square test revealed that significant factors associated with depression were age and marital status; for anxiety significant risk factors were age, marital status, household income, education level and employment status, and for stress, the significant risk factors were marital status, household income, education level and employment. Underlying mental health issues are at a high prevalence among Indian-Malaysian women.
Title : Kinetic study for Determination of anti-viral drug (Lopinavir) by azo coupling with Bradyʼs reagent
Abstract :For the detection of lopinavir (LPV) in both its pure form and blood serum, a straightforward, precise, and regulated spectrophotometric approach is suggested. The drug's reaction with the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPHz) reagent is the foundation of the suggested procedure. The influence of the reagent volume and the pH function was explored to determine the ideal circumstances, the best reaction time and the optimum temperature for the formation of the azo dye product and it was in compliance with Beer’s law in the range of (2.5-22.5)µg.ml-1at the wavelength of 482nm, the molar, absorptivity, Sandellʼs sensitivity, detection limit and quantitation limit were 3143.75 L.mol-1 .cm-1, 0.20002 μg.cm-2, 0.933 μg.ml-1 and 2.82 μg.ml-1.This method has been successfully applied for the determination of LPV in its blood serum. The kinetic parameters (order and rate of reaction) for this method were calculated, and it was found that the order of drug absorption process is pseudo- second-order. additionally calculated, the activation energy was equal to (204.6 J/mol).
Title : Stakeholders’ perspective on establishing health insurance system in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq: proposed model, challenges, and the way forward
Abstract :Countries strive to achieve sustainable development goals. However, these countries must develop health financing strategies that are feasible and sustainable in the path toward universal health coverage. Kurdistan Region Government has set health insurance on its agenda to improve the quality of health services; however, no evidence is available to indicate its feasibility. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of health insurance in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq from the stakeholders’ perspective. A survey of 37 key informants was also implemented to solicit their overview of the opinion on the health insurance system establishment using a self-administered questionnaire. Thirty-one responded to the call for participation in the study. Key informants identified health insurance as a crucial reform step to protect people from catastrophic expenditures and improve the quality of health services. However, no consensus was found among them about the best feasible model. This study has policy implications for health care financing in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. It showed that the government should put its efforts into getting a consensus among stakeholders on the best health insurance model, increase people’s awareness about health insurance, and conduct more initial assessments.
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