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Title : Outcome and Risk Factors of Patients Hospitalized with Severe COVID-19 in Misan, Iraq
Abstract :Since first recognized in Wuhan, China, COVID-19 infection has continued to grow worldwide. By the end of September 2020, more than one million cases had died from the disease. This study aims to assess the mortality in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 and explore the demographical, clinical, and biochemical association to mortality. A retrospective, observational study, performed in COVID-19 Center in Misan province, Iraq, on in-patients aged 18 years and older, with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 by RT-PCR on a nasopharyngeal swab. Out of 202 patients in the study, males represent 63.3%. Demographical, clinical, and blood tests results were extracted from the hospital records and compared between survivors and non-survivors. Of 202 patients in our study, 42 patients died, and 160 patients were discharged home. The median age of the patients was 57 years (±14.5 years). About 77.4% of them had at least one comorbid condition, with hypertension being most common, present in 52.4%, diabetes 45.5%, ischemic heart disease 17.8%, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 6.9%, and heart failure in 5.9%. By frequency, the most common symptom are cough, fever, fatigue, headache, nausea, diarrhea, and hiccup. There was a significant association related to mortality from COVID-19 found with age, duration of symptoms before admission, oxygen saturation on entry, white blood cell count, platelets, serum ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, and D-dimer level. Hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 had a death rate of 20.8 percent. In patients with severe illness, several demographical, clinical, and inflammatory variables show a substantial link to in-hospital mortality. Using these results to forecast illness severity might allow us to focus our limited efforts on individuals who are at a high risk of death.
Title : The prevalence of causative UTI among diabetic and non-diabetic patients
Abstract :Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in bothdiabetes &non-diabetic people alike. Because the germ that cause illness differ in their susceptibility to antibiotic from region to region and, it is necessary to monitor trends and susceptibility patterns of the most common organisms to antimicrobials on a regular basis. The goal of the study is to establish the uropathogen spectrum and antibiotic sensitivity pattern in individuals with clinically diagnosed UTI, both diabetic and non-diabetic. This study began from the january, 2020 till the mid of january, 2022. A total of five hundred (500) Diabetic &non-diabetic patients' urine samples were obtained. These were collected from patients of both sexes and different ages hospitalized in salah-aldin Hospital. our study show that increase frequency of urinary tract infection in diabetic subject 148/250(59.2%) in comparision to control 117/250(46.8%). The isolates were identified according to morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics and confirm by Vitek-2 compact. There is no asignificant difference in the causative agent between diabetic &non-diabetic patients, Most prevalence symptoms among diabetic and non-diabetic was fever, dysuria, abdominal pain, vomiting, pyuria and hematuria, most causative agent of UTI was E.coli (40.5%) diabetic (47%) nondiabetic followed by K.pneumonia (23.6%) diabetic (22.2%) nondiabetic, S.aureus (12%) diabetic (17.9%) nondiaetic, P.aeruginosa (15.5%) diabetic (7.6%) nondiabetic, P.mirabilis (4.7%) diabetic (5.1%) nondiabetic and E.faecalis (3.3%) only within diabetic patients.
Title : EVALUATION OF RISK FACTORS FOR INFECTION WITH S.AUREUS AND MRSA AMONG PATIENTS ADMITTED TO AL-BATOOL TEACHING HOSPITAL FOR MATERNITY AND CHILDREN IN DIYALA, IRAQ
Abstract :The study aims to evaluate the Risk Factors For Infection With S.aureus And MRSA Among Patients Admitted To Al-Batool Teaching Hospital For Maternity And Children In Diyala, Iraq. A total of 57 children admitted to Al-Batool Teaching Hospital For Maternity And Children In Diyala, Iraq were included. Standard microbiological procedures were used for diagnosis of S.aureus and Methicillin resistant S.aureus. No significant correlation of age group and S.aureus infection. Significant correlation was reported between the age group (5-7) years and MRSA infection. No significant correlation was reported between sex of children and MRSA infections. Significant correlation was reported between education level and infection with S.aureus. Invers significant correlation was reported between using of hand disinfectant and infection with S.aureus and MRSA among children No significant correlation was reported between previous hospitalization in last two months and infection with S.aureus and MRSA among patients. Significant correlation was reported between central venous catheterization and infection with S.aureus. No significant correlation was reported between number of family members and infection with S.aureus and MRSA among patients. The main risk factors for infection with S.aureus and /or MRSA were education level, using of hand disinfectant, central venous catheterization. Age and sex, Previous hospitalization in last two months, number of family members have no role as a risk factors.
Title : Evaluation Of some hematological , trace elements, and oxidative stress parameters in Sheep infected with Abomasal Nematodes
Abstract :This study included examination of 50 sheep infected with abomasal nematodes, aged (1-5 years old) and of mixed sexes, from the slaughter of Kirkuk city, for the period from September 2021 to April 2022. Affected Sheep showed clinical signs that included, weakness, emaciation, pale mucous membranes, bottle jaw, rough, easily detached, and lusterless wool. Blood samples were collected from the Sheep to determine the effect of these nematodes on some hematological, trace elements, and oxidative stress parameters. Four species of nematodes identified in abomasum that are made on the basic morphology and length of worms include the: Ostertagia circumcincta 42%, Marshallagia marshall 28%, Haemonchus contortus 20% and Trichostrongylus spp. 10%, The results showed a reduction in R.B.C., hemoglobin, hematocrit, and WBC (4.11±0.10), (11.3 ±0.28), and (33±0.82), (13.3 ±0.53) respectively. And increased leukocytosis; Lymphocyte, eosinophil, and monocyte (44.2± 1.90), (48.3± 2.89), (14.8 ± 0.82) and (7.3± 0.51) respectively in infected sheep comparing with the control group. The results also showed a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the rates of Superoxide dismutase SOD, vitamin B12, ferritin, and zinc (1563± 15.2 g/dl), (212.1 ± 4.7 µg/dl), (27.4 ± 2.4 µg/dl), (46 ± 4.6 µg/dl) respectively with increase of Malondialdehyde MDA concentration (537.8 ± 4.2 g/dl).
Title : Electrodeposition of Crystal-like nanostructured Nickel Oxide (NiO) : ultraviolet photodetector response as a function of crystal-like size and density
Abstract :Different size crystal-like Nickel Oxide (NiO) on silicon Si (111) substrates were electrochemically deposited. The deposition time with constant applied current greatly affected the shape and size of the crystal, thereby altering its structural and optical properties. The crystal like of the fabricated nanostructures revealed NiO structures with different density of crystals and energy gap. We report the fabrication of metal–semiconductor–metal (MSM) photodetector (Al/NiO nanocrystals/Al) via a facile and simple processing method. Highly dense NiO nanocrystals were grown on Si (111) substrate via a two-step process; electrochemical deposition of Ni ions followed by oxidization of these samples in a furnace under ambient oxygen. The morphological, structural and optical properties of the produced nanocrystals have been investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and spectrophotometer techniques. The grown nanocrystals were used in the fabrication of a MSM photodetector with Al contact electrodes. The results showed that, the contrast ratio (Ip/Id) increased after illuminating the fabricated devices resulting in higher photocurrents related to crystal size and density. The detector shows fast photoresponse with a rise time of 0.49 s and decay time of 0.56 s.
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