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Bulletin of National Institute of Health Sciences
Title : Evaluation of the effect of methods of insemination (ICSI versus conventional IVF) in the IVF/PGD cycle on the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities
Abstract :Despite the development in fertility treatments, the prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities remains a crucial indicator of implantation and fertilization rates. Recently, the application of PGD following IVF or ICSI has been widely debated on the incidence of aneuploidy; however, the effect of these methods on chronic abnormalities is yet unknown. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate and identify the effect of insemination methods (ICSI versus IVF) on the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities. In this retrospective cohort study, a total number of 202 women attending Al Manar IVF center and undergoing fertility treatment between 2016 and 2021 were enrolled. The overall number of participants was allocated to 74 women who had performed IVF, and 155 women who had undergone ICSI. Following IVF or ICSI, the preimplantation genetic diagnosis was performed via trophectoderm biopsy. A total of 589 embryos were yielded, out of which n= 165 were obtained from IVF and n= 424 from ICSI. The occurrence of aneuploid embryos was higher in IVF embryos in comparison to ICSI embryos (74% versus 71%). The percentage of different chromosomal abnormalities that involved trisomy 18 was higher in IVF versus ICSI (23.1% vs 18.1%). However, the incidence of trisomy 13 was similar between both groups (28.2% vs 28.3%). Sex chromosome abnormalities were lower in the IVF group as opposed to ICSI (18.7% vs 20.9%). The rate of aneuploid embryos was higher in ICSI compared to conventional IVF. Based on the findings of this study, conventional IVF is the preferred insemination method in PGD cycles.
Title : Role of Nanoparticulate System in Improving the Cutaneous Targeting of Drugs
Abstract :Mometasone furoate (Mome) is a topically applied glucocorticoid with very potent anti-inflammatory effect. Although it is a water insoluble drug, systemic absorption might take place if used to large areas causing moderate side effects. The aim of this study is to formulate a nanosuspension based-gel formulas of this drug to reduce the tendency for systemic absorption. These formulas were prepared by solvent-antisolvent precipitation method using probe sonicator instrument and four stabilizers (PVA, PVP, Poloxamer188 and Tween 80). The stabilizer type, drug:stabilizer ratio, addition of co-stabilizer, sonication power and sonication time. The nanosuspensions particle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential were evaluated to select the most stable formulas. Mome optimized formulas were freeze-dried and further characterized using FTIR, DSC, PXRD and SEM. Then they were incorporated in Carbopol 940 gel base to prepare Mome nanosuspension gels (GF1-GF4) at a concentration of 0.1% w/w to be evaluated for pH, viscosity, drug content, in vitro drug release and ex vivo skin permeation test. FTIR revealed the absence of interactions between drug and polymers used. DSC and PXRD demonstrate the reduction of powder crystallinity with some amorphization. Drug release study showed appropriate drug release from the gel base (more than 90% within 3 hrs). Ex vivo permeation study highlighted the ability of nanosuspension based-gel formulation GF2 to increase permeation and localization of mome in comparison with Elica cream (marketed product). This research declares the ability of nanosuspensions to increase localization of (Mome) within skin with minimum systemic absorption.
Title : ADA activity and Mg levels in rheumatoid arthritis
Abstract :Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic, inflammatory, autoimmune disorder characterized by predominant synovial proliferation, bone destruction and degradation of articular. Adenosine deaminase, referred to as ADA (adenosine aminohydrolase, EC 3.5.4.4) is an important deaminating enzyme which converts adenosine and 2 –deoxy adenosine to inosine (III) and 2-deoxy inosine, respectively suggesting that ADA is a key enzyme in the purine A set of membrane-bound enzymes expressed in immune cells regulates these substances dynamically during inflammation [8]. Therefore, interest has arisen for the possible role of this enzyme in the emergence of this disease, In the human body, trace elements play a variety of roles, Amongst them, Mg is essentials in several pathway. The study involves 60 female RA patients and 60 healthy females in the control group, all participauts age between 25 and 65. When RA patients were compared to healthy individuals, the obtained data have revealed a statistically significant elevation in ADA level in patients when compared to controls (P<0.05) and while insignificant difference has been noticed between Mg levels in patients in comparison with healthy subjects (p>0.05). In the current study the levels of ADA have been evaluated in sera of rheumatoid arthritis, their magnesium concentration has been measured as well. There have been much interest in the measurement of ADA levels in a number of disturbances as its deficiency or overproduction is greatly associated with serious health problems including tuberculosis, diabetes and rheumatoid.
Title : Cytotoxicity of New Complexes of Platin and Copper with New Ligand Synthesized by Mannich Reaction
Abstract :New ligand was synthesized as Mannich base containing 1,3,4-Oxadiaole ring and characterized by FT-IR,UV, Elemental analysis, 1HNMR and 13CNMR. Then a complexes of Pt+4 and Cu+2 were synthesized by complexation with prepared ligand and characterized by UV, FT-IR, flame atomic absorption Magnetic susceptibility and molar conductivity. The results approved success of synthesis procedure. The antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity assay were tested for the ligand and their metal complexes. The result show the complexes active compound as antibacterial and antifungal against bacterium Escherichia coli(gram negative) and Staphylococcus aurous (gram positive) also against fungi Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus. Cytotoxicity tested on normal cell line (MDCK) and the results showed that LD50 of L = 936 µg/ml, toxicity of Pt = 875 µg/ml and toxicity of Cu = 1356 µg/ml. Toxicity also tested for the ligand and both complexes against Human lung cancer cell line, the results showed that LD50 of Pt complex = 615 µg/ml, toxicity of Cu complex = 653 µg/ml and toxicity of free ligand = 620 µg/ml. Low MIC was resulted for the ligand and both complexes compared with Amoxicillin and Ampicillin as antibiotic.
Title : The effect of mRNA COVID -19 vaccine on IVF parameters
Abstract :WHO declared COVID-19 as a pandemic on March 2020, rapidly after first case was discovered in Wuhan, China on December 2019. IVF centers all over the world temporarily stopped future cycles because of concerns on the possible effect of the infection on fertility and pregnancy outcomes. After the development of vaccine against SARS-COVID-19 similar concerns were raised of the possible effect of these vaccines on fertility and on the IVF outcome. This study aimed to evaluate the possible effect of mRNA vaccine on IVF parameters. A case-control observational study involving 100 couples, 50 completely vaccinated couples with two doses of "Pfizer's SARS-CoV-19 mRNA vaccine" and 50 unvaccinated couples undergoing IVF for infertility between January 2021 and June 2022. This is a multicentric research with data gathered from three centers. The number of oocytes collected, their quality, the quality of the embryos, and pregnancy rate were assessed in the two groups. The number of oocytes collected in the vaccinated group was (mean SD) 9.60±5.6 compared to (9.06 ±6.13) in the non-vaccinated group with no significant difference (P=0.647), the number of M11 oocytes was (mean SD) 6.56 ±4.2 compared to (5.63 ± 4.46) in the non-vaccinated group with no significant difference (P=0.291), and 32%pregnancy rate. There was no statistical difference in any other cycle feature or lab results. Our study found that, the "mRNA SARS-COV-2" immunization had no detectable effect on the parameters of IVF. However, further research with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods is required.
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