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Bulletin of National Institute of Health Sciences
Title : Evaluation of osteonectin in cardiovascular patients
Abstract :Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a non - communicable disease chronic disease that is one of the leading causes of death and disability. CVD incidents are becoming more common over the world. Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of CVD, which encompasses coronary heart disease, vascular disease, rheumatic heart disease, heart attack (MI), stable angina (SA), unstable angina (UA), as well as other disorders, according to the World Health (WHO). A total of 50 samples were used in this investigation, with 20 samples from the treatment group and 30 samples of patients with cardiovascular disorders. The levels of urea, creatinine, and osteonectin were measured in individuals with cardiovascular disease as well as a control group. That research reveals a link between osteonectin with age, as well as creatinine. Inside the current investigation, individuals with cardiovascular illnesses had a significant (p<0.05) increase in urea, creatinine, and osteonectin concentrations when compared with the control group. In addition, researchers discovered a link among osteonectin with age, and also creatinine, in individuals with cardiovascular disease. This study showed that patients suffering cardiovascular disorders have higher levels of bone biomarkers (osteonectin) and that cardiovascular diseases have an effect on kidney function.
Title : Evaluation of the outcomes of surgically treated intestinal obstruction cases in Iraqi patients
Abstract :Intestinal obstruction is known as the most common surgical emergency in Iraq and represents a major challenge for most surgeons. This study aims to the evaluation of the outcomes of surgically treated intestinal obstruction cases in Iraqi patients. A study was conducted on patients who underwent surgical intervention for intestinal obstruction, where 60 patients from the hospital were included, and cases where their information and demographic data were fully available and were excluded. Sixty patients were included in this study (12 patients who had unfavorable surgical outcomes) and (48 patients who had favorable surgical outcomes), and the most common and frequent complication among patients was wound infection with 4%. Length of illness, comorbidity, intraoperative bowel condition, bowel resection was done, and length of hospital stay after operation were significantly independent factors associated with the surgical outcome management of intestinal obstruction.
Title : Effect of graphic images on cigarette packets on the smoking habits among medical students in Tabuk university
Abstract :Tobacco smoking is the driving cause of preventable death and diseases worldwide. Graphic warning labels on cigarette packaging are now mandatory in 77 countries to minimize smoking-related deaths. The current study aimed to assess the effect of graphic images (on cigarette packets) on smoking habits among medical students at Tabuk University. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the effect of graphic images on the student behaviour regarding smoking; the study was conducted among 259 medical students in Tabuk University during the period from August to October 2021. A structured web-based questionnaire was used to collect the data. The first part collected demographic data and the second part assessed the effect of graphic images on smoking habits and consisted of eleven Likert scale items (six questions were four items and five had three responses). The Statistical Package for social Sciences was used for data analysis. There were 259 medical students (80.2%) and interns (9.2%), 39.6% were males, and more than a half-heard about tobacco risks the physicians and their families. Cancer images (either specified or not) were the most effective images (48.6%) followed by dead people in 29%. While health concerns were the most common reason (44.1%) for quitting followed by religious reasons in 21.2%. Tobacco images were effective in quitting promotion in 66.1% of students. No differences were evident between males and females regarding the effects of graphic images (26.33±6.35 versus 24.91±6.81, 95% CI, -0.26-3.09, P-value, 0.099). However, graphic images were more effective on smokers than non-smokers (27.50±6.75versus 24.95±6.53, 95% CI, -.054-4.55, P-value, 0.099). Tobacco images were effective in quitting promotion, Cancer images were the most effective followed by dead people. While health concerns were the most common reason for quitting.
Title : Interleukin-1 beta gene polymorphism in Patients with alopecia areata
Abstract :Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder characterized by transient, non- scarring hair loss. Alopecia areata affects nearly 2% of the general population at some point during their life time. The etiology is not clear, although the evidence suggests that AA is an immunologically mediated disease. The Th1 cells, disturbs the natural balance of the cytokine networks and leads to inflammatory reaction and hair follicle damage. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a proinflammatory cytokine constituting 2 forms; α- which mainly cell bound, and β-secreted by the macrophages, monocytes, and dendritic cells upon immune stimulation. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) promotes T cell survival and B cell proliferation. IL-1β is a key mediator of the inflammatory response. It is essential for the host-response and also resistance to pathogens. Functional polymorphisms of IL-1β can possibly be a risk factor for the development of AA.
Title : Effects of topical growth hormone on mitochondrial function during facial skin wound healing in rabbits
Abstract :There are evidences supporting the use of growth hormone (GH) for cellular growth and wound healing. Also GH was found to act indirectly on mitochondrial biogenesis, likely in synergy with other growth factors. To examine the effects of GH on facial skin wound healing in rabbits and evaluate its effect on mitochondrial function. Thirty healthy rabbits included in this study classified into two groups group A: euthanized at day 7 and group B: euthanized at day 14 of study period, then each group subdivided into three subgroups: negative control group (normal rabbits), positive control group: full –thickness square shaped, 1 cm2 wounds were excised in the forehead skin for each rabbit without any medication, treatment group: full –thickness square shaped 1 cm2 wounds will excised in the forehead skin of each rabbit, then 0.1ml [1.2mg /3.6 IU] of GH will be injected subcutaneously around the wound area every other day. Following euthanasia, blood samples (5 mL) were collected from rabbits in all groups for analysis using lactate, pyruvate and L- carnitine detection kits. The clinical observations show that the wound closure rates were similar in the negative control, and treatment groups. On the day 14th, the wound closure rate in the treatment group was faster than other groups. Both serum Pyruvate and Lactate at the end of the 7th and 14th days showed a significant decrease in the treatment group when compared to co positive control group but its higher than in negative control group. While L- carnitine level showed a significant increase in the treatment group compared to positive control group but its less than negative control group. Local GH can affect mitochondrial function and accelerates facial skin wound healing.
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